Saturday, December 28, 2019

Analysis Of Machiavelli s The Prince - 1592 Words

D.I.Y. Empire In The Prince, Machiavelli discusses ways in which a ruler should obtain power and maintain power, emphasizing the concept of gaining power through virtue versus fortune. Virtue, or virtu in the original Italian, is defined as the masculine quality of power, and not necessarily tied to ideas of morality as it is in the English definition. Gaining power through virtue is the process of gaining power through one’s own ability, while gaining power through fortune is the process of gaining power through means not related to one’s own ability such as wealth or another’s grace. In Chapter 6 of The Prince, Machiavelli discusses principalities gained through virtue and their characteristics. Rulers who wish to gain such†¦show more content†¦His enemies are those of the older order, who did well under it and are reluctant to change to a new order. His allies are those who would do well under the new order but are, as Machiavelli puts it, â€Å"lukewarm† and, therefore, aren’t entirely dedicated. This is in part due to their fear of the new prince’s enemies, those who do not want a new order, and in part due to their skepticism in the ability of the prince to impose this new order. As such, it is very dangerous to impose a new order where one may face attack by hostile forces and have only â€Å"lukewarm† defenders of the new order. It is then necessary to examine how the prince will utilize his virtue. If he is to â€Å"beg† and ask others for help, he is then seen as week and cannot accomplish his goal. The alternative is to use â€Å"force†, to arm themselves, and to literally force those who do not believe in the new order to believe. After all, human nature is changeable and easily changed, but difficult to maintain in a certain persuasion, after which force is necessary to maintain it. And once created through great difficulty, it is then easy to maintain, as under the prince’s rule, the need for force will lessen, since those who would rebel are eliminated and the ruler gains reputation and respect from his subjects. The examples of such principalities and rulers Machiavellie provides are of Moses, Cyrus, Romulus and Theseus. In the first example of Moses, Machiavelli admits that the lines are a bitShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Machiavelli s The Prince 1370 Words   |  6 Pagesman. Niccolo Machiavelli and Immanuel Kant are political philosophers who have grappled with these very relationships. Machiavelli wrote The Prince over three centuries before the process of Italian unification had begun. The Italian Peninsula was fragmented and could not stand on its own especially compared to the unified powers like Spain and France. It is from this weak position that the Republic of Florence falls costing Machiavelli his own political power. And so, Machiavelli writes his bookRead MoreAnalysis Of Machiavelli s The Prince 1505 Words   |  7 Pagessignificance in each text. Machiavelli believed that, â€Å"a ruler must think only of military matters, and in time of peace he should be even more oc cupied with them than in times of war† (The Prince, 46). Furthermore, â€Å"he will never relax during peacetime, but will always be working to take advantage of the opportunities peace presents, so he will be fully prepared when adversity comes. When his luck changes, he must be ready to fight back† (The Prince, 47). Therefore, according to Machiavelli during periods ofRead MoreAnalysis of Machiavelli ´s The Prince605 Words   |  2 PagesThe great philosopher Niccolo Machiavelli, having such beliefs, puts to rest man’s downfall and presents that way to preservation in his book The Prince, which produces an effective guide for political action based off of his own philosophical beliefs and history’s past. The Prince rest on the principle that, above all, the foundation for a ruler’s success is within verita effettuale—or, the effectiveness of a prince’s rule. Machiavelli urges rulers to focus on acting in ways that will result in Read MoreAnalysis Of Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince 1625 Words   |  7 Pageswell-known Renaissance thinker, Niccolo Machiavelli, was one of those philosophers whose political views caused an uproar during earlier centuries. His view on effective leadership was rather harsh and not exactly adopted in the Italian society. As a Renaissance citizen, Machiavelli proved his writing skills through a number of works such as short stories, plays, and histories. His more popular works included those call the Discourses on Livy and The Prince-which will be described further more inRead MoreAn Analysis Of Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince 941 Words   |  4 PagesNiccolo Machiavelli and Karl Marx developed theories concerning wealth and poverty in our society, as well as different types of governments. For instance, Machiavelli supported a capitalist economic system, unlike Marx, who embraced socialism in the society. Machiavelli wrote a book The Prince that explained how to be an effect ive leader. The theme of the book is the end justifies the means. A person could or should do whatever is necessary to achieve the desired goal. According to MachiavelliRead MoreAnalysis Of Nicolo Machiavelli s The Prince1536 Words   |  7 PagesNicolà ³ Machiavelli’s The Prince highlights important aspects of successful leadership and power. The representations of gender and power in this text help to display the principles and guidelines that would make a leader successful in Machiavelli’s eyes. Throughout The Prince, Machiavelli implies that an individual with good morals will not obtain power, but rather that an individual who obtains power is assumed as morally upright by the people. One may wonder how a man whose reputation was a worshipperRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey And Machiavelli s The Prince2325 Words   |  10 Pagesthe ideas of tradition and change as is seen in Homer’s Odyssey and Machiavelli’s The Prince. Both of these works fo cus a bit on the change from God to self, religion to self-awareness. In Homer’s Odyssey, the long held tradition that the gods of Mount Olympus controlled one’s fate changed into the people forgoing their beliefs and believing they were able to create their own destiny. For Machiavelli and The Prince, a similar change occurred, but this change focused on politics and preserving oneselfRead MoreEssay on Machiavellis The Prince: Politics, War, and Human Nature1334 Words   |  6 PagesMachiavellis The Prince: Politics, War, and Human Nature [I]t is necessary for a prince to know well how to use the beast and the man. (Machiavelli, The Prince, p. 69[1]). In this swift blow, Niccolà ² Machiavelli seems to strike down many visions of morality put up on pedestals by thinkers before his time. He doesnt turn to God or to some sort of common good for his political morality. Instead, he turns to the individual?more specifically, self-preservation in a position ofRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince1719 Words   |  7 PagesMachiavelli’s, The Prince, a book written by Niccolà ² Machiavelli, is a read that most people wouldn’t prefer to read as a first option but in defense to Niccolo, it brings out many themes such as Goodwill and Hatred, Free will, and Human Nature. â€Å"It is known from his personal correspondence that The Prince was written during 1513, the year after the Medici took control of Florence, and a few months after Machiavelli s arrest, torture, and banishment by the Medici re gime† (Bio.com). The novel wasRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli1681 Words   |  7 Pagespersona technically impossible. To claim that Socrates would or would not be supportive of any political system might then seem irresponsible, a presumptuous analysis not fitting for an academic recognizing the false equivalence between Socrates’ philosophy and Machiavelli’s political ethics. The strategy to conduct any sort of liable and valid analysis is not to wholly ignore the â€Å"political† part of the system but to evaluate the ethics behind the systems. The goal of this essay will be to compare and

Friday, December 20, 2019

The Process Of Aging And Metabolism - 1259 Words

The process of aging is one many dread and try to avoid. Arguably even worse than aging are age related diseases that see their onset as people get older. Aging and metabolism have been found to be closely connected. As individuals age, they usually gain weight because metabolism slows and their body composition changes. According to a paper published in Nature, after age 45 the average person loses about 10% of their muscle mass each decade and that mass is generally just turned into fat because their muscles cannot metabolize and use the added calories being consumed. As a result, consuming fewer calories has been proven to consistently extend lifespans and delay age-related diseases in evolutionary diverse organisms, meaning specialized multi-cellular organisms such as humans and animals. Several metabolites, molecules generated and used in intermediate steps of metabolic reactions, have been shown to slow the aging process and are of great interest to researchers because the mech anisms of how they do this is unknown. This project is a deeper dive into a specific molecule that was of particular interest to the research team during a screening of many endogenous molecules including metabolites and disease-associated metabolites. In this study, ÃŽ ±-ketoglutarate (ÃŽ ±-KG) is explored in order to determine if and how it effects the lifespan of adult Caenorhabditis elegans, also known as roundworms. ÃŽ ±-KG is an important molecule in cellular respiration, particularly the citricShow MoreRelatedAccelerated Aging Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pages The application of priming treatment before accelerated aging aims to reduce damage caused to the seeds, to confer increased tolerance to oxidative stress and, to compare the treatments before and after artificial aging. Primed seeds with ascorbic acid showed a higher concentration of CO2 than those primed with water, followed by the control treatment, for Janauba provenance. Priming also affected seeds from Pedro J. Caballero, which had a higher concentration of CO2 when primed with water. ThisRead MoreA Study On Metabolism Unfolded1733 Words   |  7 PagesMetabolism unfolded Damian Sowa Institutional Affiliation(s) â€Æ' Integrity Disclaimer I certify that the work presented here is my own. I have cited sources appropriately, have paraphrased correctly, and have written the work myself. I have not shared my work with other students currently enrolled in any other courses at Greenville Technical College or papers previously written for any Biology course. Bio 101-B01 April 5, 2017 Name section date Abstract Metabolism includes allRead MoreThe Effect Of Fructose On The Aging Process1291 Words   |  6 Pagesmolecules play a role in the aging process. The Maillard process is dependent on the reactivity of the sugar involved. Fructose is much more reactive than glucose. In vivo, the rate of non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin was 7.5 greater, and the rate of protein cross-linking (a marker of aging) was 10 times greater, in the presence of fructose than in the presence of glucose. Therefore, it is safe to conclude that fructose has a much greater implication in the aging process than glucose, taking theRead MoreCommon Fat And Weight Loss Myths1272 Words   |  6 Pageswill know the truth, and the truth is very powerful. Fat and Weight Loss Myth 1: If I exercise I can eat whatever I like and still be lean. Keep dreaming! How we all wish this could be true. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Our individual metabolism regulates how many calories we burn during rest and physical activity. If you consume more calories than your body needs, the excess calories will be stored as fat. Of course, there are exceptions to this rule. There are some individuals that haveRead MoreThe Role Of Bioenergetics On Disease And Use Of Small Molecule Therapeutics Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesspectroscopy, molecular modelling and biophysics of the system applications are not left out while studying the specific chemical process of a disease. Bioenergetics further spans in the biology of mitochondrial that embodies biomedicine, features of mitochondrial disorders and energy metabolism (Zheng et-al, 2010, p.519). Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, aging, cancer and diabetes are among the well-known neurodegenerative illnesses studied under bioenergetics and use of small molecule thera peuticsRead More Human Growth Hormone Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Growth Hormone Human growth hormone, a substance produced in the human body, is now being sold over the Internet. Companies are marketing the product as an anti-aging product. At the web-site, http://www.awakenhgh.com, the company claims that there is a possibility that one can stop the aging process. On the home page, they claim that the product can reduce fat and cellulite, increase energy and muscle tone, elevate mood, improve sexual performance and sleep, remove wrinkles, balanceRead MoreAntioxidants And Its Effects On Health1460 Words   |  6 Pagescomplications and an increase in overall wellness. But beyond the hype of crunchy granolas, Toms, and antioxidants what should we all know about these compounds? What do they protect against and how is this accomplished? What is their relation to aging and disease? Can we trust the fad diet claims or more specifically, those in the supplement industry? If you are interested in the answer to any of these questions and more just stick around, I prom ise your time will be well spent. In short, antioxidantsRead MoreEssay On What Is The Secret To A Longer Life719 Words   |  3 Pagesexisted, we’ve sought to answer this simple question. So far, the solution has eluded us, with the average global life expectancy sitting at just 68 years for males, and 72 for females. Until now, that is. Two new studies of male mice released by Cell Metabolism have produced findings that could push these numbers through the roof.   It seems the answer to a longer-life may have been sitting under our noses this entire time: ketones. The studies found ketogenic diets significantly extend median lifespanRead MoreThe Problems of Aging on Elderly1197 Words   |  5 Pageswith respect to time. As the time passes a person grows old and his physical body becomes weak but his mentality has increased due to experiences.In scientific language senescenceis the term used for aging process. It is measured by the person’s date of birth which comes once in a year. The process of ageing is so interesting because it starts by your birth when you open your eyes for the first time in this world and then stops by your death. Ageing is a very important part of life and daily roundRead MoreDiet And Exercise Of Living A Healthy Life1307 Words   |  6 Pageslook better on the outside but you will feel better on the inside. Depending on the results you are looking for you may choose one of the different ways to exercise. People who want to see dramatic changes in their appearance while raising their metabolism would choose s trength training. Strength training, or lifting weights, can also make your bones stronger as well as improve your athletic performance. For those who are looking to improve their heart and lungs, while also preventing obesity, diabetes

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Epidemiology for Amoebic Dysentery and Cancer- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEpidemiology for Amoebic Dysentery and Cancer. Answer: A Notifiable disease can be any disease that has a legal obligation to be reported to the government/ public health authorities, when it is diagnosed since the disease can be potentially harmful to health (Gibnet et al., 2016). It is also known as reportable disease. Collected reports of this disease can allow its monitoring, and provide an early warning if an outbreak is imminent. Several governments have laws being enacted and enforced that stipulates reporting of diseases in both Humans and Animals (or livestocks). Some of the notifiable diseases (caused by bacteria and viruses) in Australia are: Anthrax, Botulism, Brucellosis, Cholera, Diphtheria, Leprosy, Leptospirosis, Pertussis, Plague, Salmonellosis, Shigellosis, Syphillis, Tetanus, Tuberculosis, Typhoid fever, AIDS, Arbovirus infections, Hepatitis, (A-E), HIV, Influenza, Measles, Poliomyelitis, Rubella, Small Pox and Yellow Fever. Other disease includes: Amoebic Dysentery, Cancer, Dysentr, Malaria, Giardiasis and Trichinosis , to name a few (Gibney et al., 2017). List of Australian websites that acts as repositories for information related to Notifiable disease: Department of Health, Australia (https://www.health.gov.au/casedefinitions) Department of Agriculture, Australia (https://www.agriculture.gov.au/pests-diseases-weeds/animal/notifiable) Database of notificable diseases, Australia (https://data.gov.au/dataset/national-notifiable-diseases-surveillance-system) Department of Health, Australia (https://ww2.health.wa.gov.au/Silver-book/STI-or-HIV-notification/Australian-national-notifiable-disease-case-definitions) Government of South Australia (https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/clinical+resources/health+notifications/notifiable+disease+reporting) Northern Territory Government (https://health.nt.gov.au/professionals/centre-for-disease-control/cdc-programs-and-units/notifiable-diseases) Federal Register of Legislation, Australian Government (https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2008L00800) Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Australia (https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/animal-industries/animal-health-and-diseases/notifiable) Livestock Biosecurity Network, Australia (https://www.lbn.org.au/farm-biosecurity/notifiable-diseases/) Signs and symptoms of Tuberculosis (TB): Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease which can be fatal if not treated properly (Fogel, 2015). The bacterium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) spreads via tine droplets released while coughing or sneezing, and affects the lungs. However tuberculosis infection can exist in a Latent or Active state. In the Latent stage, the bacteria remain in the body in an inactive and non-contagious stage, and exhibit no symptoms. However, the latent bacterium can become active in the body, causing the onset of symptoms (Getahun et al., 2015). In the Active stage, the bacterium is infective and can spread from person to person. The typical signs and symptoms at this stage includes: Cough that lasts for more than three weeks, discharge of blood during cough, pain in the chest and difficulty in breathing, weight loss, fatigue, fever, nocturnal sweats, chills and appetite loss. Symptoms of primary pulmonary tuberculosis include fever or dry cough, and are often temporary. People suffering from pulmonary disea se from Tuberculosis can develop Tuberculosis Pleuritis. The pleural disease can occur when the diseased area ruptures into the space between the lining of abdominal cavities, chest and lungs, causing chest pains (Khan et al., 2013). The TB bacterium can also spread to different parts of body via blood, in immune-compromised patients, causing military tuberculosis (symptoms: fever, weakness, appetite and weight loss, cough and difficulty breathing). Infections of the upper respiratory system causes symptoms like frequent coughs, with a progressively increasing amount of mucous produced, coughing of blood, fever, loss of appetite and weight, and nocturnal sweats. In rare cases, the bacterium can also develop in other organs like Lymph Nodes, Bones and Joints, Genitourinary tract, Meninges and the lining of GI tract. Disease Burden of Tuberculosis: Studies from 2012 and 2013 shows the rate of TB occurrence in Australian born population at 0.9 to 1.0 per 100,000 individuals. Indigenous Australians have shown to experience a greater burden (4.5 to 4.6 per 100,000 individuals) of the disease, compared to Non Indigenous Australians (0.7 to 0.8 per 100,000), showing an incidence that is six times higher. Compared to to other countries, the disease burden of Tuberculosis in Australia is low (that is, less than 10 reported cases per 100,000) along with Western Europe, USA, Canada and New Zealand (https://www.who.int, 2017). Data collected by National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System showed 1317 reported cases as of 2012 and 1263 as of 2013 (rate of 5.8 to 5.2 per 100,000). The overseas-born Australians however showed a much higher incidence of TB at 19.5 to 18.4 per 100,000 cases. Multi Drug resistant TB also shows a lower prevalence in Australia at 20 cases reported as of 2012 and 22 as of 2013, most of which were reported in t he overseas born Australians. Also, the disease burden of TB tends to be higher among children than healthy adults (Seddon Shingadia, 2014). Overall, Australia shows an excellent and sustained control of TB, and proves its commitment to alleviate the global burden of this disease. Contact Tracing- In the context of epidemiology, Contact Tracing refers to the process of identification follow up and diagnosis of individuals who came in contact with the infected individual(s) (Begun et al., 2013). This is a useful means of controlling infectious disease (like TB, HIV and STDs) and their epidemiologic investigation and surveillance (Sabat et al., 2013). The purpose of contact tracing is to detect the early symptoms in the contacts, monitor and treat them for disease. It can help in secondary prevention (preventing disease in the individuals exposed to it) tertiary prevention (preventing severe outcomes) and prevent or contain outbreaks. Contact tracing is done when mode of contact is direct contact (casual or sexual). A pre-test tracing of contact is needed when there is high level of concern for the patient, and waiting for the laboratory reports can be detrimental. A post test tracing of contact is done after diagnosis have been confirmed, and can reduce adverse effects to the e xposed contacts. Steps of contact tracing: Step 1: Clarifying the reasons to trace contacts- The patients needs to be made aware of asymptomatic infection, possible complications if not tested, risk of infection. This can ensure proper participation from the infected, and uphold the basic human rights. While clarifying the reasons, information must also be justified with currently known knowledge, keeping the individuals up to date. Step 2: Help to identify whos who needs notifications of the disease- The mode of transmission, and the duration of infective stage needs to be discussed. Tracing back of contacts since the relevant time period. This will allow understanding the extent of the spread, and finding ways to control it. Also, depending upon the proximity to those contacts, a proper method to communicate with them must also be devised. The mode of transmission can allow understanding how the infection spreads through the population, so that the risks can be managed. Once the possible infection cases are identified they can be screened to check if they are test positive for TB. Step 3: Explanation of the methods involved and offering choice- Notification of patients can be done by patient or provider referral. Working with patients to identify appropriate methods applicable to each of the listed contacts. Patient referral involves personal notification by the index patient to his/her contacts. Provider referral involves the healthcare providers advising the patient directly or through an agency. Referring the patients can allow the screening of these contacts for exposure and infection. It can also check if any further infection was spread by those individuals. Step 4: Support to the patient, and providing patient referral for future contact. Since the patient undergoing screening and treatment requires medical expertise, and improper treatment can lead to complications or re exposure, it is important to educate the contacts about the right procedures, and provide support to them when needed (https://www.health.gov.au, 2017). Identification of contacts allows identifying the initial case, identifying additional incidents among individuals in contact with the initial case, identifying individuals who might be infected due to contact with the initial case, providing counseling and assessment to those diagnosed with TB. Categorization of the case is needed as per the degree of infectiousness. Also categorization of contacts depending upon the risk of exposure allows identifying the high risk cases. Examination of medium risk cases should follow next if there is any evidence of transmission. Investigation of contacts requires noting down of the history, performing IGRA and/or TST or radiographic investigation when indicated (Balmelli, 2014). All the contacts tested positive for TST or IGRA needs to be referred to healthcare practitioners involved in diagnosis and treatment of TB, and treatment for LTBI should be considered. Young children with a history of immuno-supression and TST below 5 should be referred for TB diagnosis and treatment. Children below 5 years in household contact with individuals tested smear positive should be evaluated for infection. In special cases like in exposure inside Aircraft, schools, hospitals or healthcare centers, or during pregnancy, factors like the infectiousness of the initial or index case should be analyzed. Also the duration of exposure (like the travel time in aircraft, or school hours, or the time admitted in hospital where the infection occurred must be noted). Susceptibility of those who might have been infected must also be taken into consideration. A list of possible consequences that might ensue, must be made and shared with the concerned individuals. Any delay between the infection and screening should be taken into account, as with increased delays, the chances of further exposure also increases. In Australia, contact racing needs to adhere to section 71 of Public Health Act 1991. The sensitivity and circumstances that dictates contact tracing, as well as its scope must be clarified. Advice must also be sought from NSW Department of Health. Next the degree of infectiousness must be noted, based on clinical, bacteriological, radiological and nucleic acid tests. The degrees of infectiousness can be categorized as High Infectiousness (positive for sputum smear/ laryngeal involvement/ x ray of chest/ evidence of transmission to others), Medium Infectiousness (smear negative but positive for sputum culture or nucleic acid test, pleural disease, positive smear for bronchial wash) and Low Infectiousness (negative for sputum smear and culture). Determination of the infective period is important to identify the high risk groups for tracing. The infective period needs to be considered 3 months prior to the TB diagnosis, unless a clear set date of the onset exists. Assigning priority can be done based on naming risk groups (high risk, medium risk and low risk). High Risk groups would be those who have had regular and long contacts inside a closed environment during the infective period, and can include individuals in the same household, close relatives, friends, colleagues who are working closely in a small work area (Gao et al., 2016). Medium Risk groups would be those who would have frequent but lesser time spent with the infected and can include relatives, friends, schoolmates, colleagues, neighbors who are not in high risk group. Low Risk group would be the other contacts in workplace or school or other places that are not in High or Medium Risk groups. Risk groups for Tuberculosis also need to be identified. The chances of TB progressing from latent to infective stage is considerably higher in children who are below 5 years, who are suffering with HIV; people receiving 15mg or more of prednisone (or equivalent) for four or more weeks; people on immunosuppressive medication; people suffering from cancer/ diabetes mellitus/ silicosis/ and kidney failure; and people who underwent jejunoileal surgery or gastrectomy. The high risk contacts are to be screened the first. General Information on TB: Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacterium generally invades the lungs, but is also capable of infecting other organs. In its latent form, TB shows no symptoms, but has a 10% chance of progressing to active or infective form. The most common symptoms include chronic cough, sputum with blood, night sweats and fevers accompanied by loss of weight. The disease spreads via air (by sputum droplets discharged due to cough, sneeze or while speaking) from individuals who have infective stage of the bacterium in their lungs. According to WHO report on Tuberculosis in 2016, a total of 1376 cases (new and relapse) were reported in Australia. The rate of mortality from TB+ HIV were reported at 0.02 (per 100,000), and incidence of TB+HIV at 0.12 (per 100,000). Overall the disease burden of TB is Australia is very low, with the highest reported cases found among Overseas born or Non residential Australians. Infectiousness and Risk Factors of Tuberculosis: Tiny aerosol droplets (0.5 to 5.0 microns) up to 40,000 in number can be discharged while coughing or sneezing. With a small dose of infection (less than 10 bacterium to fully develop the disease), each of the infective droplet can potentially cause or spread the disease. People in constant contact with the infected are at a high risk of developing TB symptoms (Fox et al., 2013). An infected person can potentially spread the disease to an average of 10-15 people or more in a year. Transmission occurs only from only those people who have active TB, and the latent form is not contagious. The chances of the spread of infection depends upon several factors, like the number of infective droplets released, the ventilation condition inside the place where the droplets were released in the air, the length of exposure, the level of virulence of the bacterium (drug resistant/ multi drug resistant) and the immune condition of the individuals exposed. Risk Factors: People suffering with HIV are at the highest risk globally (Sester et al., 2014). Also, the disease is related closely in overcrowded places, especially when people are suffering from malnutrition, thereby making it a disease of poverty. Other risk factors includes people involved in drug abuse, those in contact with or working the infected individuals, economically poor or underprivileged societies, children who are exposed to the pathogen, ethnic minorities, healthcare professionals involved in TB treatment and management (Narasimhan et al., 2013). Chronic lung disease can also increase the chances on TB infection along with Silicosis and tobacco smoking. Certain diseases like diabetes mellitus can also be a risk factor for TB. In addition genetic susceptibility, medications like corticosteroids and alcoholism can increase the prevalence of the disease. High Risk groups: The high risk groups of contact tracing includes those who have had regular and long contacts inside a closed environment during the infective period, like individuals in the same household, close relatives, friends, colleagues who are working closely in a small work area. Foreign nationals who have emigrated from a country with high disease burden of TB in the last 5 years. Residents living in high risk settings (prisons, homeless shelters, nursing home, rehabilitation centers, healthcare centers). Healthcare professionals who are treating infected individuals. Low income groups or other groups who might be under serviced medically and high risk ethnic minorities. Children or infants or adolescents exposed to the disease. Also the risk of the disease progressing from the infective to non infective stage is higher in people with HIV infection, people already infected with TB in the last 2 years (specially infants or young children), people with existing medical conditions, people who were improperly treated for TB previously, and drug users (van Hest de Vries, 2016). Procedures for Household contacts: The Household contacts are at a high risk of developing the disease. Those exposed to highly infectious case needs to be screened in the span of 7 days from diagnosis. Those exposed to low or medium infective cases be screened by 2 weeks from diagnosis. Tracing of TB cases which are extra pulmonary can be done to identify the source or initial case. Contact screening should also be done when the infection is thought to be transmitted in the past. On the first visit, a clinical history needs to be recorded to clarify the risk of exposure, record the vaccination status for BCG, identifying symptoms related to TB, identifying any pre existing medical condition that can increase the risk of the disease, and identifying situations that can interfere with the result of TST. In the current scenario, the following measures are needed to screen contacts of the source case: The family members by screened for TB. Their BCG vaccination status and reported symptoms be noted. Any pre existing medical condition is noted. Rest period and chances of re infection: The patient would need a resting period of 6 months, during which he will have minimal contacts with the outside world, preferably in a private room, with sufficient ventilation. The isolation needs to be continued as long as 3 consecutively negative results occur in sputum smear test. During the resting period, contacts of the index case will still be at high risk, and therefore would have to undergo regular screening for the infection. Once the disease is successfully cured from the index case, there will be no chances of re infection. Therefore teachers and parents need not worry about being reinfected, once the recommended treatment procedure has been complied with (Horsburgh, Barry Lange, 2015). Guidelines for the control of Tuberculosis in Northern Territory and Victoria: The jurisdiction of Northern Territory comprises of Disease Control units in Darwin, Tennant Creek, Alice Springs and Nhulunby. The jurisdiction of Victoria is in the state of Victoria. In the Northern Territory jurisdiction, the cases are first categorized based on infectiousness. After this a list of contacts are obtained from the infected patients and arranged according to their risks. The high risk contacts are next identified, followed by medium and low risk individuals. If the case diagnosis is from an indigenous community, the treating staff needs to travel to such areas and help to educate the community, and assist contacts whenever necessary (https://digitallibrary.health.nt.gov.au, 2017). In the Victoria Jurisdiction, public nurses from The Victorian Tuberculosis Program are responsible for both contact tracing and investigation. The practices follow the protocols set by the Communicable Diseases Network of Australia (CDNA) via a series of National Guidelines, and are endorsed by AHPPC (Australian Health Protection Principal Committee (2013). The index case is identified by clinical presentations, symptom duration, disease site, bacteriological report and radiological report. Once the index case is identified, the high risk contacts are then identified, followed by medium and low risk contacts. The contacts have to then undergo clinical evaluation, tuberculin skin test (TST) or Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA). The TST also needs to be repeated after 8-12 weeks. A chest X ray is done next, followed by contact follow-ups and any special categories also need to be identified (www.thermh.org.au, 2017). So, it can be seen that the northern territory employs an additional role of educating indigenous communities who are at high risk of TB, and providing support to them in their treatment. References: Balmelli, C., Zysset, F., Pagnamenta, A., Francioli, P., Lazor-Blanchet, C., Zanetti, G., Zellweger, J. P. (2014). Contact tracing investigation after professional exposure to tuberculosis in a Swiss hospital using both tuberculin skin test and IGRA.Swiss medical weekly,144, w13988-w13988. Begun, M., Newall, A. T., Marks, G. B., Wood, J. G. (2013). Contact tracing of tuberculosis: a systematic review of transmission modelling studies.PloS one,8(9), e72470. Dean, A., Zignol, M., Mecatti, F. (2015).Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis. World Health Organization WHO Press. Fogel, N. (2015). Tuberculosis: a disease without boundaries.Tuberculosis,95(5), 527-531. Fox, G. J., Barry, S. E., Britton, W. J., Marks, G. B. (2013). Contact investigation for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European Respiratory Journal,41(1), 140-156. Gao, L., Bai, L., Liu, J., Lu, W., Wang, X., Li, X., ... Jin, Q. (2016). Identification of populations at high risk of tuberculosis infection in rural China: a population-based, multicentre, prospective study.The Lancet,388, S16. Getahun, H., Matteelli, A., Chaisson, R. E., Raviglione, M. (2015). Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.New England Journal of Medicine,372(22), 2127-2135. Gibney, K. B., Cheng, A. C., Hall, R., Leder, K. (2016). An overview of the epidemiology of notifiable infectious diseases in Australia, 19912011.Epidemiology Infection,144(15), 3263-3277. Gibney, K. B., Cheng, A. C., Hall, R., Leder, K. (2017). Sociodemographic and geographical inequalities in notifiable infectious diseases in Australia: a retrospective analysis of 21 years of national disease surveillance data.The Lancet Infectious Diseases,17(1), 86-97. Horsburgh Jr, C. R., Barry III, C. E., Lange, C. (2015). Treatment of tuberculosis.New England Journal of Medicine,373(22), 2149-2160. https://digitallibrary.health.nt.gov.au. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Digitallibrary.health.nt.gov.au. Retrieved 2 November 2017, from https://digitallibrary.health.nt.gov.au/prodjspui/bitstream/10137/696/4/TB%20Guidelines%20May%202016.pdf https://www.health.gov.au. (2017).Department of Health | Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 2012 and 2013.Health.gov.au. Retrieved 1 November 2017, from https://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/cda-cdi3902f.htm https://www.who.int. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Who.int. Retrieved 2 November 2017, from https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/ Khan, A. H., Sulaiman, S. A. S., Muttalif, A. R., Hassali, M. A., Akram, H., Gillani, S. W. (2013). Pleural tuberculosis and its treatment outcomes.Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research,12(4), 623-627. Narasimhan, P., Wood, J., MacIntyre, C. R., Mathai, D. (2013). Risk factors for tuberculosis.Pulmonary medicine,2013. Sabat, A. J., Budimir, A., Nashev, D., S-Leo, R., Van Dijl, J. M., Laurent, F., ... ESCMID Study Group of Epidemiological Markers (ESGEM). (2013). Overview of molecular typing methods for outbreak detection and epidemiological surveillance.Euro surveill,18(4), 20380. Seddon, J. A., Shingadia, D. (2014). Epidemiology and disease burden of tuberculosis in children: a global perspective.Infection and drug resistance,7, 153. Sester, M., Van Leth, F., Bruchfeld, J., Bumbacea, D., Cirillo, D. M., Dilektasli, A. G., ... Gerogianni, I. (2014). Risk assessment of tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients. A TBNET study.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine,190(10), 1168-1176. Toms C, e. (2017).Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 2012 and 2013. - PubMed - NCBI.Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 1 November 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26234258 van Hest, R., de Vries, G. (2016). Active tuberculosis case-finding among drug users and homeless persons: after the outbreak.European Respiratory Journal,48(1), 269-271. www.thermh.org.au. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Thermh.org.au. Retrieved 2 November 2017, from https://www.thermh.org.au/sites/default/files/media/documents/Management%2C%20control%20and%20prevention%20of%20tuberculosis%20-%20Guidelines%20for%20health%20care%20providers%20-%202015.pdf

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Developing Effective Communication Skills

Question: Discuss about the Developing Effective Communication Skills. Answer: Introduction It is often believed that having groups in making decisions is an essential idea as different ideas can lead to outcomes that a single person cannot accomplish. Once a decision has been made, the group finds it easier to get along in the implementation process as it is often believed that group decisions are fairer. However, Benjamin (2016) denotes that there are many complications that face the effectiveness of group performance and preventing them from achieving the full potential. It is hence essential to understand the steps that we can take in making groups that we are involved in effective. This paper focuses on a detailed discussion of communication as an aspect of the group success. It presents how the lack of proper communication can lead to dysfunctional behaviors in a group, recommendations for improving group performance, as well as steps that can be adopted to remove the dysfunctional behaviors in a team to ensure effective performance. Communication is an essential aspect when considering the possibility of effective performance between individual or group relationships. Camacho (2016) denotes that in making decisions, it is vital that effective communication is adopted by members of a team as well as the chosen leaders. It is a major determinant of clear decision-making in balancing the authority and input of the members and the leaders in finding solutions to possible challenges affecting the team according to Riordan (2016). Effective communication hence enables a team to evaluate possible challenges and differences, finding agreements, and breaking impasses when occasions demand (Rogers Creasy, 2016). Through effective communication, conflicts and issues are handled and delivered an effective and straightforward manner rather than underground where they are likely to destroy or taint the trust and dynamics of group performance. Functional and Dysfunctional behaviors in a team In a team, a functional behavior is defined as a group aspect that promotes the effective performance and efficient interaction of the team members in working towards achieving its goals and set objective. Such a group has all the physical, spiritual, mental, and emotional aspects of the group intact and united towards achieving a healthy fulfillment of tasks. According to Derue and Paul, (2015), such a group is often coupled with healthy communication and good relationship between the members and the leaders. In such a group, the members value each other, view their performance as a learning experience, are flexible to positive adjustments, and value each other as unique and essential to the success of the team (Sarkissian, 2016). On the other hand, a dysfunctional behavior is an abnormal behavior that is contrary to the expected or a vivid sense of the group performance diverting from the normal. Dysfunctional behavior is substantially harmful to the successful performance of a tea m and leads to the diminishment of the success of the team. According to Jackson and Joshi (2011), dysfunctional behaviors always create negative emotions among the members that hence diminish the performance. However, these consequences can disappear when the team members refrain from negative feelings. Effective communication is hence a key to preventing the detriments in team performance (Fortin, 2016). Dysfunctional behavior is a common experience leading to social undermining, antisocial behavioral changes, blame games, eventually the fall of a team, and is often tied to poor communication in solving the challenges that a team faces. For instance, as a team player and lover of economic development, I joined a group consisting of fifteen members, most of which are my colleagues from school and at work. As the foundation of the team, we had an objective of economic balance and stability. Members decided that each of us will be contributing a certain amount of money, with a minimum of $50 which will be channeled to a particular group account for savings as most of the members had an interest in venturing on small businesses. From the savings, we would be able to acquire loans for our small businesses. It was a great idea that picked off well at the beginning. Barely two years later, issues of mistrust started to arise with others having a fear that we had not thought well and the whole idea was not focused towards achieving something. We started getting unconfirmed rumors that the signatories were planning to disappear with the savings after secret withdrawals after realizing some few weaknesses in our constitutions that in the real sense only required some adjustments. Currently, we are still battling with finding the best solution to the issue. On the other hand, I also belong to a football team that is very effective and is performing very well. With football as my hobby, our team is very stable and functional where every team member values the contribution of the other players. With good leadership and effective communication, we are often able to sort our differences and work towards the goals, being the winners in every match. The two teams differ in the manner that they deal with the challenges and the negative emotions expressed by the members. In the first team, the members are implicitly or explicitly encouraged to express their negative feelings blowing off the steam and morale of performance of the members. The team is hence imprisoned by frustration and anxiety resulting to dysfunctional behavior. Even though the team members are exhausting their resources in trying to cope up with the negative feelings and challenges they are facing, lack of effective communication between the leaders and among the members themselves is leading to the decline of the overall performance. On the other hand, the football team operates differently with every member knowing that the success of the team is the success of everyone. In contrast to the first team, the group members tend to withhold their expression of negative thoughts and battle up their game as the feelings can only make things worse during a match. Inste ad, players remain focused towards the tasks at hand enabling the team to retain the level of its performance. At the end of every task, the team meets to discuss everything that transpires during their matches and training so as to find solutions to possible challenges, an aspect that ensured the team is intact. It is hence evident that effective communication leads to dysfunctional team behavior as it determines the way they express their feelings (Liden, 2015). Recommendations for improving group performance In their study, Goodwin and Halpin (2013), Yetton and Bottger (2015), and Bufanio (2014) recommend the following procedure as effective in improving the functionality of the group. Once there is a realization in the dysfunctional nature of the team and possible toxic behaviors that might affect performance, it is recommended that the team adopt a simple four-step process that will help re-directing the team into the right direction. However, the claim of the procedure is not saddling mindless formulaic steps to be adopted but to help the team think about their course of action in a more detailed manner. It is hence a strategy that will ensure the team interventions targets the real toxicity while not just dealing with the symptoms. Glen and Maria (2016) claim that following these steps with initiating full understanding of the issues that will help the team in underpinning the team toxicity issues and increase its chances of being functional. These steps include; Finding the toxic behaviors and their impacts that are causing the team to be dysfunctional Claiming and assigning responsibilities Choosing or making decisions on possible interventions Implementing and monitoring the performance First, it is essential to identify the dysfunctional nature of the team while evaluating every toxic behavior as well as the impacts it has caused in a group. With the help and contribution of every team member, the team leader should begin by listing the most troubling behaviors. The list does not need to be very exhaustive nor should the team start analyzing them yet. According to Glen and Maria (2016), generating a good list will require the team member to find answers to the questions such as what areas do most of the team members complain about, what bothers the leader most, or what are the possible excuses that people often use. The whole of the team should be held in a brainstorming conversation together to find possible answers to these issues and concerns. Riordan (2016) denotes that the team then needs to analyze the meaning of the behaviors regarding how they impact operations, emotional response of the team, and the assumptions that often arise when they occur. The second step often involves claiming and assigning responsibilities by rethinking blames and conflicts while adopting effective future-oriented approaches. In this case, the ability of the team leader to create a challenge or allow it to fester and accurately see his responsibility will help in choosing the right intervention and be the example for the team of what it means to take responsibility. Glen and Maria (2016) denote that a dysfunctional team is like a broken system where an individual cannot be responsible for the descent of the team into toxicity. In a healthy group, inconsistent behavior of one person towards the groups expectation should either be corrected or rejected Jackson and Joshi (2011). Healthy teams do have social norms acting like the immune system to reject irresponsible behavior instead of allowing it to multiply since unhealthy team often protect any toxic status quo. The third step requires the team to choose a direction and intervention that will help in solving the issues identified. However, care needs to be taking in the evaluation of the principles of intervention adopted. For instance, the intervention adopted need to address the behavior, not assumptions or emotions. The intervention should also make a visible, forceful, symbolic break from the past as pointed out by Derue and Paul, (2015). Through the interventions adopted, the team members need to see the better future instead of the dark past. Depending on the behaviors identified, the options of the interventions adopted can be individual, collective, or structural. Individual interventions might be having a private conversation with responsible team members about their behavior and the expectations of the team for future behavior. A specialist can as well be hired to work with the individual on sorting their behavioral issues. However, the threat can as well be issued or demotions in extreme cases Goodwin and Halpin (2013). The collective interventions will affect the entire group since they are collectively visible and will help in establishing a shared sense of what behavior is expected. These can include communicating to everyone about the acceptable behavior, holding offsite meetings aimed at addressing team values, adopting training sessions and team-building arrangements, as well as the establishment of written formal ground rules for acceptable behaviors. A structural intervention can be restructuring the roles of the team and reassigning to fill the roles. Fourth, the success of the team is dependent on the implementation and monitoring the communication intervention of choice. Increasing the chances of survival and success hence require the team to enlist key players who can be entrusted with different roles and responsibilities of the discussed issues (Derue and Paul, 2015). These should have a future focus, acknowledgment of emotions to diffuse them, being clear on what is acceptable and what is unacceptable, focusing on the selected principles, and a relentless follow-up. Removing dysfunctional behaviors and enhancing functional behaviors Many studies and reviews on effective team performance denote that serious strife within teams is often a common challenge according to Yetton and Bottger (2015). The same study denotes that among individuals, strive can arise as a result of poor productivity, low job satisfaction, despair, physical ailments, anger, and team discord that causes stress. For a team, these factors can impair learning, collaboration, productivity, and survival of the group. Discord can lead to an increment of the organizational operation costs when an organization needs to invest in performance management, medication, conflict resolution, and coaching. Goodwin and Halpin (2013) also point out that the toxicity of a group can greatly affect the group members as well as the organizational performance. However, the following can be adopted to help a toxic group recover from any dysfunctional behavior; The group leaders need to initiate a crucial group conversation In his study, Fortin (2016) denotes that the ability of a leader to address team conflicts is an essential aspect of the effective performance of a team in resolving any existing toxicity. Ideally, the team leader should be able to address every issue that comes and is likely to result in a conflict. However, in case the leader is also part of the problem, it will call for the need of an external person to initiate the conversation. Sarkissian (2016) denotes that a true mettle of a group or team goes into a test through observation of how it deals with violated expectations and bad behaviors, while the success will depend on how the leader handles the issues. Therefore, leaders that often avoid crucial conversations in fear of damaging their relationships ultimately pay the price of a damaged team performance and morale. Stopping bullying to focus on accountability Once a leader has initiated a conversation, Benjamin (2016) denotes that it is essential for the team members to join and take responsibility for their actions and roles in causing the toxic aspects affecting the team. It is often far easier to join and blame others than to take responsibility for ones offense as other members can bully others to get their way. At times, it can take the form of yelling, glaring, humiliating, spreading rumors, interrupting, making unfounded accusations, undervaluing, glaring, or sabotaging other group members. In his study, Fortin (2016) denotes that such actions only result in creating miserable working environments. Instead, members need to focus on engaging in behaviors that can help the team to move forward and achieve results. For instance, sports team often call players only in meetings that will help them to turn around losing situations, rebuild teamwork, and raise morale, strategies that will often see the team through winning sides even with out the help of a coach. Work on conflict, communication, and problem-solving ideas and skills Just as a person can need assistance with personal relationships, a team can also need help in sorting and developing positive and beneficial relationships. Intense cases, people often make rash decisions and judgments and assign blames. However, Jackson and Joshi (2011) point out that professionally facilitated occasion can help in the airing of basic issues so as to help to make better team relationships and effective performance. Creating shared goals and shared visions Having clear goals along with a shared vision with the larger purpose behind the goals gives the team a structure and direction as well as a context within which decisions can be made by members. The goals setting process should as well involve the team to increase the buy-in ability of each member, their commitment, and proper planning aimed at achieving the individual goals. In the dysfunctional and toxic satiations of a team, Riordan (2016) denotes that everyone needs to focus and move beyond the past by forgetting but learning from the past mistakes and pressing on together for greater future achievements. Developing a proper and strategic social contract for team behaviors With the help of the team leader, every team needs to set the ground rules that will govern the behavior of the team, information sharing, decision making, and support towards the ideas and shared objectives of each group member as pointed out by (Fortin, 2016). The same study denotes that social contracts can also set the norms for the interaction of the team. Members hence need to prescribe positive behaviors such as honesty, candid, transparency, and be careful of from being influenced by negative thoughts such as negative communication blasts to other team members. Recognizing that disagreements should not be used as a form of revenge Having differences in opinions, cognitive conflicts, and respectful debates can make contribute to a healthy team as pointed out by Yetton and Bottger (2015). Also, debating and discussing on serious issues regularly affecting the team can at the result into better team decisions. However, such issues can be very detrimental to the group when they get personal. It is this recommended that the team members need to know when to stop complaining or fighting and start more listening and gathering for more evidence. The leader should encourage the team members to remain open to new ideas, explore opinions, accept inputs from other people, and work towards achieving the win to win solutions. In doing so, every team member needs to accept the issues discussed and the chosen outcome and not harbor grudges against other members depending on the decisions made as well as their opinions. Conclusion The above literature analysis on the dynamics and effects of a group dysfunction points out that it can lead to devastation. It hence required that team members should recognize the fact so as to avoid missing opportunities for having great achievements that cannot be achieved by an individual but with a team as a whole. It is the reason for the common say that no one, not software billionaires, not professional athletes, not rock stars, and not even the geniuses and the sharp minds can make it alone. Getting the team working together in every stage of making decisions, it is possible to dominate any industry in the dynamic market against any competition. References Benjamin, D. R. (2016). Developing Effective Communication Skills - An Important Aspect for Engineers Doctors.Language In India,16(3), 194-201. Bufanio, K. M. (2014). Reciprocal relationships, causal influences, and group efficacy: A reply to Kaplan.Small Group Research, 28(4), 5595 Camacho, L. M. (2016). Perception of performance in group brainstorming: The illusion of group productivity.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19(1), 7889. Derue, D. S., Paul, J. B. (2014). The riddle of hierarchy: Power transitions in cross-functional teams.Academy Of Management Journal,57(2), 327-352. doi:10.5465/amj.2011.0756 Fortin, C. (2016). Processes in healthcare teams that include nurse practitioners: what do patients and families perceive to be effective?.Journal Of Clinical Nursing,25(5/6), 619-630. doi:10.1111/jocn.13085 Glen, P Maria, M (2016). Toxic team: Four Steps of Transforming Dysfunctional Teams. Retrieved from https://l1.osdimg.com/online/dam/pdf/en/gb/US004_WP_Transforming-Dysfunctional-Teams.pdf Goodwin, G. F., Halpin, S. M. (2013). Does team training improve team performance? A meta-analysis.Human Factors, 50(6), 903933. Jackson, S. E., Joshi, A. (2011). Work team diversity. In S. Zedeck (Ed.),APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol 1: Building and developing the organization.(pp. 651686). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Liden, R. C. (2015). Making a difference in the teamwork: linking team prosocial motivation to team processes and effectiveness.Academy Of Management Journal,58(4), 1102-1127. doi:10.5465/amj.2012.1142 Riordan, C (2016). Why teams turn toxic and how to health them, Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesleadershipforum/2011/09/20/why-teams-turn-toxic-and-how-to-heal-them/#21fc76945988 Rogers, T., Creasy, T. (2016). four elements necessary for effective inter-team communication Wit and Humor.Supervision,77(8), 3-7. Sarkissian, N. (2016). Empirical study of communication structures and barriers in geographically distributed teams.IET Software,10(5), 147-153. doi:10.1049/iet-sen.2015.0112 Yetton, P., Bottger, P. (2015). The relationships among group size, member ability, social decision schemes, and performance.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 32(2), 145159.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Types Of Love In Romeo And Juliet Essays - , Term Papers

Types of love in Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet is a play about two lovers separated by their feuding families. From forth the fatal loins of these two foes a pair of star-crossed lovers take their life.(Pro.I.6) The two foes Shakespeare speaks of are the Montagues and the Capulets. Their hate for each other is great and violent. The hate of the two families is shown early with a street brawl. The hate causes the lovers to hide their love from their families until the very end. after Romeo and Juliet died in the Caplulet tomb the two families see their hate and reconcile for the love of their beloved children. Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet reviled love as a war as a religion as a malady and as a cult. The theme of love, which he explains in other keys in plays before and after remain central, though now it is to idealized in all seriousness(Sauffer 29). All through the play Shakespeare constantly held love as the basis of the play. The actual ethical energy of the drama resides in its Wise,2 realization of the purity and intensity of ideal love. Here there is no swerving(Stauffer 32). Stauffer believes that Romeo and Juliet's love was pure and intense also it is constant ever since the they lay eyes on each other. Romeo and Juliet's love is a perfect blending of body and soul. The obstacle which is a feature of the amour-passion legend is partly external, the family feud; but is partly a sword of the lovers' won tempering since, unlike earlier tellers of the story, Shakespeare leaves us with no explanation of why Romeo did not put Juliet on his horse and make for Manturia(Mahood 392). If Romeo would leave Verona with his love Juliet both will live with each other and could be in love till they are old and gray, but instead Romeo leaves with out his love and die young with each other. The love of Romeo and Juliet is immediate violent and final. In the voyage of the play they abandon themselves to a rudderless course that must end in ship wreck(Mahood 392). "Thou desperate pilot, now at once run on the dashing rocks, thy sea sick weary burke: He eres my Louve."(V.iiii 117-119) The theme of Romeo and Juliet is love and violence and their interactions. In it these two mightiest of mighty opposites meet each other squarely - and one wins(Goddard 118). The whole secrete of the play is that the deaths of Wise,3 the lovers are not the result of the hatred of the houses, nor of any other cause except love itself, which seeks death in its own restoring cordial. Love conquers death even more surly than it defeats hate. It sweeps aside all accidents so that fate itself seems powerless. Time is defeated, in that first stirring of a belief that Shakespeare came later to trust completely: that the intensity of an emotion towers above its temporal duration or success(Stauffer 32). What Stauffer is trying to say is that love is very powerful and even in death the love continues. Romeo finds Juliet's sleeping body after she had drank the potion, and he believes her to be dead. Romeo is slain when Juliet wakes up from here sleep. Out of fear and love she inserts a dagger into her heart with the famous line "Oh happy dagger". Even though the two lovers are dead their love continues. The love between Romeo and Juliet was forbidden by the two families because of their hatred for each other. Most religions say to honor your parents and if their parents new of the love it could have been disaterious. After Juliet marries Romeo the Nurse tries to convince Juliet to commit bigamy. She wants here to marry Paris so that all will be right with here father and the rest of the Capulet family, Juliet refuses. Wise,4 At the time Romeo meets Juliet, he is infatuated with a woman named Roseline. Romeo's moon struck calf-love for Rosaline must be laughed out of him by his friends Benvolio and Mercutio, by his guide Friar Lawrence and by his own true love. For Romeo doting upon Rosalin, love was malady and religion; for Mercutio it is sheer lunacy or a brutal conquest(Mahood 398). Mercutio's realm of love was lust, also very false by nature. For all the bad things the be said about lust, it is where all the jokes are and Mercutio being a joker used it to his full advantage. In trying to call Romeo over the wall, he tried a certain amount of discussion about Rosline's body

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Wag the Dog essays

Wag the Dog essays Wag the Dog is a funny, but yet insightful movie, that provides a lot of insight into the world of politics. It provides remarkable resemblance to many events that has happened in this present time. This film touches on issues many aspects of the truth and the responsibilities we have as a society to insure that it is maintained. Wag The Dog demonstrates what kind of influences that politics, the media, and the entertainment world can have on public perceptions. The plot of the film consists of the U.S. President running for a second term. There is only 11 days before the presidential election and he is accused of being sexually involved with a Firefly Girl in the Oval Office. In order to protect his image and save face with the American population, White House aide Winifred Ames brings in a spin-doctor named Conrad Brean. Brean, know as Mr. Fixit who is masterminded a lot of covering up scandals, has a motto: to change the story, change the lead. To distract the press from the Firefly Girl scandal, he advises for the President to extend his trip in Asia in order to buy time to come up with a plan to take the media pressure off this scandal. Brean comes up with a phony international crisis with Albania. He brings in a Hollywood film director named Stanley Moss to produce the war by through the media in order to make it appear to be real. With many different tactics and lots of lies and deception, Bream and Moss achieve their goal of t aking the taking the attention off the Firefly Girl scandal and getting the President elected for a second term. Even thought this movie wasnt based on a true story, it addresses a lot of issues that often arises in politics as well as society as a whole. Wag the Dog, reflects how America has been susceptible to the mirage that leaders can hide themselves behind. The movie addresses numerous issues that exist in American society. ...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Change Management - one best way Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Change Management - one best way - Assignment Example This acknowledgment was established to have basis prevalent ambiguity all through the segment activating an idea that change was required. (Seger, 2005) The centre of such change on directorial background materialises to have been influenced by facts of the noticeable achievement of other society organisation labours in the UK and US. An administrator asserts: The spotlight on society organisation shows to have been emphasises by the determined service of young UK skilled executives who are observed as both well-informed of recent UK leisure practice and thus important causes of contemporary information. These new work force appear to have established new thoughts into the business and have dynamically inscribed the merits of society administration-something the senior directors carefully planned a narrative cause of prospective gung ho benefit. (Olson, 2001) The NewTech change scheme involved a continuing twelve-month programme planned to change not only the procedures of the corporation but also the fundamental thinking of directorial affiliates. In this regard, it shows that the top administration of Isis Hotel Luxor maintained the progress of change centred on imposing purchaser dominion and escalating stages of purchaser direction. In spite of concerning considerable assets and time outlay, the pr... At the end of 1997 the proprietors of the corporation determined what they experienced required to be completed and applied the change over the subsequent year, as promptly as probable. The change programme did not have any stages as such, even though six months into the scheme an augmented stress was situated on altering lower-level employee viewpoint and behaviours. Early systems and structural changes were hurried through as easily as was probable. (Collins, 2005) The original changes leaned to centre on artefact changes whilst the same time as afterward changes were cantered on leisure hotel measures and humanising purchase-orientation. Dazzling a strong interior artistic centre, the four proprietors of the corporation powerfully supposed that the society change was required but that Isis Hotel Luxor should rely on internal work force and proficiency rather than exterior managers. Although some changes were derivative from other associations, top directors have always had the con viction that no outer help was essential for their execution. Instead, top administration disagreed that the comprehensive corporeal changes could be handled by top employees at the same time as leisure hotel directors would be capable to manipulate the behaviours and viewpoints of lower employees. Impacts of Change Research of interrogate facts divulge that the NewTech changed was apparent to have impacted on recital results, behavioural stakeholder interface as well as spiralling some usual accessible views. However, some inadvertent penalties of these changes also emerge to have distorted the views of Top executives. In conditions of recital results, Top personnel thought that the NewTech scheme had an